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Abstract The effects of degalactosylated whey protein on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in mice were observed in comparison with intact whey protein. Intraperitoneal administration of both intact and degalactosylated whey proteins for 5 days did not affect body weight and food intake in mice. On day 6, intraperitoneal administration of LPS induced a marked decrease in body weight 4 h later. The LPS-induced decrease in body weight was significantly suppressed by the administration of degalactosylated whey protein, but not intact whey protein. Administration of LPS also significantly increase plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels, which were significantly...

Abstract Background Targeting mucosal immunity of the gut, which is known to provide antigen processing, while avoiding excessive or unnecessary inflammation, was tested as a way to modulate COVID-19 severity. Methods Randomized open-label trial in 204 adults hospitalized with non-critical COVID-19 who received for 14 days in addition to standard of care (SOC) degalactosylated bovine glycoproteins formulations of either MAF capsules (MAF group) or M capsules (M group) or SOC only (control group). Results Median recovery time when patients did not require supplemental oxygen was 6 days in both study groups compared to 9 days in the control (MAF vs....

Abstract Based on a growing body of evidence that a dysregulated innate immune response mediated by monocytes/macrophages plays a key role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, a clinical trial was conducted to investigate the therapeutic potential and safety of oral macrophage activating factor (MAF) plus standard of care (SoC) in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Ninety-seven hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were treated with oral MAF and a vitamin D3 supplement, in combination with SoC, in a single-arm, open label, multicentre, phase II clinical trial. The primary outcome measure was a reduction in an intensive care unit transfer rate below 13% after MAF administration. At...

The Effect of MAF Capsules and M Capsules on Lymphopenia and Clinical Outcomes in Non-Critical Hospitalized COVID-19 PatientsPreprints with The Lancet 19 Pages Posted: 7 Feb 2023 Abstract BACKGROUND: Excessive inflammation and lymphopenia are linked to poor Covid-19 clinical outcomes. Targeting both conditions using an immunomodulating approach needs to be tested.METHODS: We conducted an open-label, randomized, controlled trial of MAF Capsules and M Capsules in adults who were hospitalized with Covid-19 and had evidence of lower respiratory tract infection but at enrolment did not require resuscitation or mechanical ventilation. Patients were randomly assigned to receive, in addition to standard of care...